专升本英语备考中,从属连词的使用也比较重要,考生们要记得记忆哟!
从属连词( Subordinating Conjunctions)用来引导各种状语从句和名词性从句,被连接的结构系主从结构,它们前后有一定关系,但不属于同一个语法层次。从属连词的作用是引导状语从句和名词性从句。
1. 在时间状语从句中的使用
The decomposition of sugar takes place only while it is being heated.
糖只有在加热时才会分解。(while 表示一段时间,主句的动作发生在从句动作的过程中)
While the boy was playing with his toys, his parents were watching TV.
男孩儿在玩玩具,他的父母在看电视。(主、从句的动作同时发生)
I read the book as l went along.
我边走边读书。(主、从句的动作同时发生)
Tommy turned off the TV as soon as he heard his mother’s voice.
汤米-听到妈妈的声音就关掉了电视。(过去的动作)
Please write to us as soon as you get there.请您二到那里就给我们来信。(将来的动作)
The policeman rushed to the spot the moment he heard of the road accident.
= The policeman rushed to the spot as soon as he heard of the roadaccident.
警察一听说出了车祸,就冲到了事故现场。(the moment=as soon as,名词词组可以充当连词)
I had no sooner lain down than the telephone rang.
我刚躺下,电话铃就响了。(正装, 只能指过去)
No sooner had the baby seen her mother than she began to cry.
婴儿一看见妈妈就哭了起来。(倒装;只能指过去)
Hardly had I entered my house when it began to rain.
我一进屋天就开始下雨了。(倒装;只能指过去)
2. 在地点状语从句中的使用
Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。
Fools rush in where angels fear to tread. 天使不敢问津处,傻瓜着急冲进去。
Youcan go anywhere you like. 你爱去哪里就去哪里。
Everywhere they went, they were warmly received. 他们所到之处无不受到热烈的欢迎。
3. 在原因状语从句中的使用
在表示原因的常见连词中,强调原因的程度由强到弱的排列顺序为because,for,as,since 这四个连词在大部分场合都可以互换,但也有一些明显的区别。
① 词性区别:for 是并列连词,其他两个都是从属连词;
② 强调的内容不同:because 和for 强调原因,as 和since 着重结果;
③ 位置不同:because引导的从句一般放在主句后面,for 引导的分句一定放在并列句的后一个分句之首,as 和since 引导的从句一般放在句首;
④ 使用的范围不同:because 可用于回答 Why 引起的问句,可用于强调句型中被强调的位置,可用于 not…but…等结构中,并可受副词的修饰,for, as,since 均无这些用法。
I like her not because she is rich, but because she has a beautiful soul.
我喜欢她不是因为她富有,而是因为她心灵美。(用于not…but…结构)
It was because he was too careless that he failed in the exam.
正是因为太粗心,他才没有考及格。(because 用于强调句型)
He failed his math examination partly because he was careless.
他数学考试没及格,部分原因在于他粗心大意。(受 partly,only, just 等副词修饰时只能用 because)
4. 在结果状语从句中的使用
She left early, So that she caught the first bus.
她动身早,赶上了第一班公共汽车。(结果状语从句)
She left early, so that she could catch the first bus.
她动身早,以便能赶上第一班公共汽车。(目的状语从句)
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